DECIMAL NUMBERS

DECIMAL NUMBERS In the decimal number systems each of the ten digits, 0 through 9, represents a certain quantity. The position of each digit in a decimal number indicates the magnitude of the quantity represented and can be assigned a weight. The weights for whole numbers are positive powers of ten that increases from right to left, beginning with 10º = 1 that is 10³ 10² 10¹ 10ºFor fractional numbers, the weights are negative powers of ten that decrease from left to right beginningwith 10¯¹ that is 10² 10¹ 10º. 10¯¹ 10¯² 10¯³The value of a decimal...

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CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS There are four classifications of digital computer systems:super-computer, mainframe computer, minicomputer, and microcomputer.· Super-computers are very fast and powerful machines. Their internal architecture enables them to run at the speed of tens of MIPS (Million Instructions per Second). Super- computers are very expensive and for this reason are generally not used for CAD applications. Examples of super-computers are: Cray and CDC Cyber 205.· Mainframe computers are built for general computing, directly serving...

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MEMORY OR PRIMARY STORAGE

MEMORY OR PRIMARY STORAGE Purpose of Storage The fundamental components of a general-purpose computer are arithmetic and logic unit, control circuitry, storage space, and input/output devices. If storage was removed, the device we had would be a simple calculator instead of a computer. The ability to store instructions that form a computer program, and the information that the instructions manipulate is what makes stored program architecture computers versatile. Primary Storage Primary storage is directly connected to the central...

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STORAGE DEVICES

STORAGE DEVICES The purpose of storage in a computer is to hold data or information and get that data to the CPU as quickly as possible when it is needed. Computers use disks for storage: hard disks that are located inside the computer, and floppy or compact disks that are used externally.• Computers Method of storing data & information for long term basis i.e. even after PC is switched off.• It is non - volatile• Can be easily removed and moved & attached to some other device• Memory capacity can be extended to a greater extent• Cheaper...

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TYPES OF RAM

TYPES OF RAM There are two types of RAM used in PCs - Dynamic and Static RAM.Dynamic RAM (DRAM): The information stored in Dynamic RAM has to be refreshed after every few milliseconds otherwise it will get erased. DRAM has higher storage capacity and is cheaper than Static RAM.Static RAM (SRAM): The information stored in Static RAM need not be refreshed, but it remains stable as long as power supply is provided. SRAM is costlier but has higher speed than DRAM.Additional kinds of integrated and quickly accessible memory are Read Only Memory (ROM),...

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BASIC COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

BASIC COMPUTER ORGANIZATION A standard fully featured desktop configuration has basically four types of featured devices1. Input Devices 2. Output Devices 3. Memory 4. Storage DevicesSECONDARY STORAGEIntroduction to CPU§ CPU§ The Arithmetic / Logic Unit (ALU)§ The Control Unit§ Main Memory§ External Memory§ Input / Output Devices§ The System BusCPU OPERATIONThe fundamental operation of most CPUs- To execute a sequence of stored instructions called...

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GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS The Zeroth Generation The term Zeroth generation is used to refer to the period of development of computing, which predated the commercial production and sale of computer equipment. The period might be dated as extending from the mid-1800s. In particular, this period witnessed the emergence of the first electronics digital computers on the ABC, since it was the first to fully implement the idea of the stored program and serial execution of instructions. The development of EDVAC set the stage for the evolution of...

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Binary Search Tree Interview Questions

Binary Search Tree Binary Search tree is a binary tree in which each internal node x stores an element such that the element stored in the left subtree of x are less than or equal to x and elements stored in the right subtree of x are greater than or equal to x. This is called binary-search-tree property. The basic operations on a binary search tree take time proportional to the height of the tree....

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Virtual Memory Inter View Questions

Virtual Memory Inter View Questions Source - 1 Definition of:virtual memory Simulating more random access memory (RAM) than actually exists, allowing the computer to run larger programs and multiple programs concurrently. A common function in most every OS and hardware platform, virtual memory uses the hard disk to temporarily hold what was in real memory. Virtual memory allows multiple programs to load in memory at the same time....

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